Questions On The Security Dilemma - 2268 Words

War is commonly understood as a rational decision based on a calculation of the costs of war and potential benefits of conflict, vis-à  -vis other modes of bargaining (Magagna, 2016). This understanding intuitively bases the choice of war on an actor’s own preferences and intentions. However, the security dilemma would conclude that various factors in the international system, makes war a more rational choice than initially anticipated. The security dilemma is a situation in which the pursuit and maximization of an actor’s security becomes, paradoxically, a source of one’s own insecurity, which in turn increases instability and may potentially tip an actor’s incentives for a rational choice of war, regardless of his preferences (Magagna, 2016). This essay will attempt to explain the security dilemma, both its causes and effects, it will also attempt to analyze the viability of possible solutions. A study of the security dilemma will inevitably involve an exploration of its underlying assumptions and premises. Firstly, the premises of the security dilemma will be explained through the lens of structural realist theory and its notions of an anarchic international system marked by self-help. Secondly, game theory will be involved to show how strategic interaction and problems of insufficient information also create the conditions and incentives for the security dilemma, despite states’ rational war choices for peace. This will be linked to the problem of bluffing, credibleShow MoreRelatedThe Four Steps Ethical Analysis And Decision Making Process Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesContents Question 1. IS there an Ethical Dilemma 2 Solution: - 2 Question 2: Complete the four steps Ethical Analysis and Decision Making Process: - 2 Step- I Understand the situation 2 Facts 2 Ethical issues 3 Stakeholders 3 Step- II Isolate the Major Ethical Dilemma 3 Step-III Ethical analysis 4 Consequentialism 4 Comments 4 Rights and duties: - 4 Comments 4 Kant’s Categorical Imperative 4 Discussion 5 Step- IV Making a decision 5 References 5 Question 1. IS there an Ethical Dilemma Solution:Read MoreAnalysis of Ethical Dilemmas Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Ethical Dilemmas Posthumous Conception Case Grand Canyon University By Isabel Tolento, RN January 20, 2013 Ethical implications arise when a situation deals with principles of morality and resolution is neither right nor wrong. Because of the stress and emotion ethical dilemmas present us with; steps have been recognized to help work through determination. Although each and every situation is unique, a framework for problem resolution along withRead MoreThe Security Vs. Privacy1537 Words   |  7 Pages1. At stake are two forces representing a critical dilemma of the post-2001 world: security vs. privacy. Fighting for security, the FBI is seeking â€Å"backdoor† access to the iPhone in question that was used by one of the two suspects in the San Bernardino shooting in December 2015. Defending privacy is Apple, Inc., designer and marketer of the Apple iPhone. The two suspects under investigation are linked with known terrorist groups, possibly ISIS, with definitive proof of these links locked away inRead MoreThe Iraq Iran War And State Security1211 Words   |  5 PagesThe Iraq-Ir an War and State Security With Iraq initiating the conflict, with its declaration of war on September 22, 1980 and the subsequent invasion of the Khuzestan province, they will be treated as the aggressor. Therefore the theoretical framework will revolve predominantly around Iraq. With this Posen’s components of the security dilemma will be used as the building blocks for state security’s explanation of the conflict, beginning with the indistinguishability of offense and defense. As previouslyRead MoreThe Cold War Has Been Examined Throughout History911 Words   |  4 Pageshistory. The question is often debated about what theory best explains the cause for the cold war. It is often argued whether or not one explanation does the best job at explaining the Cold War. The disagreement is often between about what forces pushed for the struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union for power. The best explanation often states that there were many factors at play such as the bi-polarity of great powers of the time, which in turn caused a security dilemma, and that theRead MoreThe Theory Of The International System1741 Words   |  7 Pagesrepair the damage done by the anarchical system that is here to stay. In international relations, anarchy intensifies competition through the balance of power theory and the security dilemma. Between states, power is estimated by comparing the capabilities of the number of units one obtains. These units, to ensure security or to gain power, are prominently measured tangibly through military power (Waltz, The Anarchic Structure of World Politics). All states aim to achieve a balance of power, orRead MoreThe Optimal Strategy For Player One1597 Words   |  7 PagesWhereas if player one were to defect the minimum points he or she would earn is two, and the maximum could potentially be four. b) Like player one, player two would benefit most if he or she chose the strategy of defection. Similar to the situation in question a, the maximum and minimum reward of defection outweighs the benefits of cooperation. If player two, like player one, were to choose cooperation, and element of trust must be present if the goal was to yield the maximum three points. It is humanRead MorePrivacy And Security : A Technological World1356 Words   |  6 PagesMegan Gabriel-King Dr. Johnson PHIL 3170-002 26 October 2014 Privacy vs. Security In a Technological World Since the September 11th terrorist attack on the World Trade Center in 2001, the subject of terrorism has played a major role in both politics and media. As America embarked on the war on terrorism, the government became much more aware that threats to our country were both internal and external. In this age of technology it is now more possible than ever to discretely use surveillance softwareRead MoreHealth Care Informatics Case Study1089 Words   |  5 Pagesis the impact on clinical practice and patient? Give clinical examples. Although the recent advancements in technology and electronic medical record documentation are associated with improved quality of patient care, the potential for compromised security is at an all time high. As and methods of retrieval and means of access to medical records increases, emphasis must be placed on the importance of patient privacy and user accountability. There are many risks associated with breaching one’s personalRead MoreThe Threat Of Nuclear Weapons827 Words   |  4 Pagesthreat to humanity and other life on Earth. Scholars of international relations and policymakers share in the belief that the sheer power and destructiveness of nuclear weapons prevent them from being used by friends and foes alike. Then the real question becomes; what is the need for nuclear weapons? Nuclear weapons are defined as, volatile device that originates its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Both reactions release massive amounts

Housing Affordability in Australia Essay - 1154 Words

Background Housing Affordability in Australia has become the focus point for urban planners in recent years. In particular, South East Queensland (SEQ) has experienced significant pressure as the demand for property and affordable dwellings increases and population growth in the region continues. The issue has come to the forefront in discussions for local governments in the region and there is a real need to address the problem of housing affordability. The subject of affordability is complex and is contributed to by a number of factors including the impost created by Council processes, which is the scope of the HAF-T5 Project. The need to reduce these imposts is a key driver for continued improvement in Council processes to streamline†¦show more content†¦Part 4 – Recommendations (To Follow) †¢ Improvement Program – including regional and council-specific recommendations. The underlying intention of this document in its current form (Parts 1 and 2) is to establish an â€Å"As Is† picture, so to speak, of a Council’s development assessment processes. Parts 1 and 2 will be presented to Council for validation and discussion with HAF representatives. File Survey Overview HAF-T5 programme Objectives The aim of the Target 5 Days (HAF-T5) project is to reduce government’s impact on the development assessment process through reductions in assessment time. This will reduce the holding costs and infrastructure costs for applicants, contributing greatly to the bottom line overheads experienced by developers, both professional and non professional (without considering the greater issue of land supply). The objectives of HAF-T5 project are to deliver process reform such that Councils in SEQ will deliver: †¢ Reduced assessment timeframe for 95% of residential development applications; and †¢ 75% reduction in approval timeframe for residential developments with a five-day turn around for low risk/complying applications. Residential Application Focus The typical types of applications that were surveyed are: †¢ Reconfiguration of lots up to 50 lots; †¢ Dual Occupancies (Duplexes); †¢ Multiple Unit Developments (generally 6 or less); †¢ Boundary Realignments; and †¢ Houses in overlays (e.g. character,Show MoreRelatedThe Housing Affordability Of Australia Growing Rapidly And How Effective Are The Government s Policies Of Control It1468 Words   |  6 Pageswhy is the housing in Australia growing rapidly and how effective are the government s policies to control it? Name: JianYi Wang(keith) Teacher:Marcia Minh Term:5B EFS 12/2014 Introduction Recently, The Australian housing market has been growing rapidly which reflects the housing affordability crisis as the housing price rises much quickly than household incomes. There are two key observations of current Australian housing market from Yates, firstly today’s housing affordability problem isRead MoreHousing Affordability : A Social Determinant Of Health And Housing1591 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Housing affordability can be defined as the ability to access appropriate housing at tenure or price which is not a significant burden upon household income. (1, 2) Australia has seen a significant decline in housing affordability; average house prices have increased by 147% between 2001 and 2011. This was not matched by increases in income. (1) This decline can be attributed to economic growth, population growth, more accessible finance and incentives for owners and investors. TheseRead MoreEssay1043 Words   |  5 PagesTo tackle the housing affordability, first of all, it is crucial to lift the supply of housing as it will release the pressure on the housing price. Nevertheless, the supply of housing is inelastic as it requires an adequate fund, time, approval from the Government. Besides, the housing system is heavily dependent on the private sector. Thus, the Government should provide initiatives for housing providers to shift the supply of houses in the market. Australia would follow the policies from otherRead MoreWhy Is Renting Breathable For People?1247 Words   |  5 Pagesin Australia is problematic, and therefore should be better enabled. Jacobs and Natalier state that competition is so intense â€Å"For accommodation, the expectation that people have ready access to bond and rent in advance and occasional illegal landlord practices all mean that prospective renters do not always have access to a wide range of choice in accommodation or are unable to effectively compete against others with higher incomes or different social characteristics†. Housing affordability hasRead MoreThe Tax Policies Impact On Housing Affordability1295 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 2 Which of the currently tax policies impact on housing affordability: There has recently been some discussion about the lack of housing affordability and the effect that tax policy has on house prices. I have identified 4 tax policies and have discussed how each affects housing affordability and whether changing any of these taxes could cause housing to become more affordable. 1. Negative gearing Negative gearing allows individuals to offset losses made from a property against ones incomeRead MoreHousing Affordability Is A Growing Concern For Many Australian Citizens994 Words   |  4 PagesHousing affordability has become a growing concern for many Australian citizens in the past decade. The median Australian house price has risen substantially in the past ten years and has increased at a rate that has exceeded the median income. Between 2012 and 2014, the median house price rose by $76,700, and income rose by $4113.20. Putting those numbers into perspective, the average income in 2014 rose by merely 2.3% in comparison to house prices which rose by 9.23%. Australia’s housing affordabilityRead MoreThe Growth Of The Australian Economy1546 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Australian economic performance is dominated by economic downturns. Recently, Australia facing two crucial issues in their economy, those are increasing budget deficit and houses affordability. In the long te rm, those two issues can deteriorates the economy. By increasing budget deficit, it affect to a decrease in living standard because the future generation need to pay more tax for paying the debt. As the housing prices goes higher and significantly overvalued, the Australian economy growth slowlyRead MoreThe Problem Of Housing Affordability Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesHousing affordability is a perennial problem in Australia and has worsened significantly over the past three decades. Multiple reasons exist for the the lack of affordable housing. On the demand side these include population growth and increased migration to urban areas, easily accessible housing finance, tax incentives and a â€Å"strong cultural preference for owner-occupied detached houses†. On the supply side, affordability problems are exacerbated by inflexible and slow responses to the need forRead MoreThe Budget Deficit And The Houses Affordability1661 Words   |  7 PagesIn the last three years, the Australian economic performance is dominated by economic downturns. Recently, Australia facing two crucial issues in their economy, those are increasing budget deficit and houses affordability. In the long term, those two issue can deteriorates the economy. By increasing budget deficit, it affect to a decrease in living standard because the future generation need to pay more tax for paying the debt. The government need to overcome new fiscal policy in order to maintainRead MoreHome Owner ship Has Long Been Considered The Epitome Of926 Words   |  4 PagesWestern Sydney Urban Research Centre, 2008, p. 4). There appears to be a variety of definitions for housing affordability within Australia. An apt description regarding housing affordability can be summarised as, â€Å"the relationship between expenditure on housing (prices, mortgages payments or rents) and household incomes†, (Hall Thomas, n.d.). Unfortunately, affordable housing throughout Australia has experienced deterioration since 1980 largely resulting from exponential growth in house prices

Effective Communication Case Study Free Essays

There are many factors that affect Ahmed’s ability to communicate with others, the factors are that he is partially sighted, he has a learning disability, Ahmed also struggles with English and lastly he is very withdrawn from others. To overcome these barriers many strategies will need to be put in place to enable him to communicate effectively. One factor is that he is partially sighted which means it will be difficult for him to see when talking to his teacher or other students in his class. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Communication Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sentence and Verbal Communication iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/sentence-and-verbal-communication/embed/#?secret=Y0jgd1r4G4" data-secret="Y0jgd1r4G4" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Sentence and Verbal Communication#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe This is a barrier to his communication because it stops him from communicating as he is limited to what he can see for example, if a child is trying to call Ahmed from a far distance using hand gestures, Ahmed may find it difficult to see that child, which can prevent him from making friends. This means his communication skills will not be effective. If someone is using non-verbal communication, he will not be able to see which means he could interpret things in a different way because non-verbal communication can be used to express your feelings. This will affect the way Ahmed will communicate because if he is limited to what he can see it will stop him from getting involved and also if he is not able to see non verbal communication clearly he may misinterpret the conversation. When getting involved in group practical work it may be difficult to participate as will not be able to see. A strategy that could be put in place is having a magnified board to put over his worksheets which will help him with seeing the words. This can be put in place so Ahmed is able to get involved with the schoolwork and could potentially help his language development as he is able to read certain words but may need a teacher with him to guide him. This magnified board can encourage him to participate in more activities and he may feel comfortable knowing he can see what the other students are seeing. Another strategy that could be put in place to overcome this barrier is having bigger font sizes on work sheets, books or computers. This will make it easier for Ahmed to see and it could make him feel normal like everyone else. It may encourage him to sit in a group with other children and get involved. Another factor that affects his ability to communicate is that he has a learning disability. This is a potential barrier that comes in the way of Ahmed’s communication as he may feel different than the other children in his class. Because Ahmed has a learning disability it changes the way he thinks and interprets things. â€Å"Children with learning disabilities see, hear and understand things differently. This can lead to difficulty with learning new information and skills and putting them to use. (http://www. sabp. nhs. uk/iamme/understanding-learning-disability Accessed 14/10/15) This can make Ahmed feel left out from the other children and discourage him to communicate. This can potentially mean his language is not as developed as some of the other children so he may be a bit behind, this affects the way he communicates because it will be difficult to have conversations with others if he is does not have the same abilities as them because they may not understand what Ahmed is trying to say and their language may be to developed for Ahmed as he is still learning slowly. A strategy that could be put in place is having a teaching assistant with him because this may make him feel comfortable and potentially more confident. The assistant can help him with words and could make picture cards for words that he may struggle with, for example having a picture of a book so he recognises that it’s a book and he can point to it so the assistant understands what he is trying to say or what he wants. The assistant could have one-to-one sessions with him to help him with communication and his schoolwork. Having a one-to-one session with an assistant can make a lot of difference in Ahmed’s ability to communicate because if he builds a relationship with this assistant he could possibly open up and express his feelings in a way that he can even if it is not through verbal communication. Ahmed struggles with English, which is also a factor that affects the way he communicates. It can isolate him from other children in the school because English is not his first language so it will make it difficult for him to fit in with children who speak fluent English. It will block the quality of communication and affect the needs of Ahmed being met adequately. For example, if a supply teacher was covering and didn’t know his needs, they will not be met because he may not be able to explain what his needs are because his English is limited. As he struggles with English, it will also be difficult for him to interact with other students because he will not know how to speak to them and if the children to try communicating in English, Ahmed may not understand so there will be miscommunication and a language barrier between them. You can read also Costco Case Study A strategy that could potentially be put in place for Ahmed to improve his English is having a translator come in to help him develop his English language. The translator could come in maybe twice a week. This would help Ahmed quite a fair bit because he can speak to the translator in the language he knows fluently and the translator can then communicate with him and help him with his English by saying words in English and then telling him what they mean in his first language. This is a good way for Ahmed to learn English because he will gradually recognise more words and could possibly start speaking sentences, which will help with his confidence, and he may start communicating with other people. Because Ahmed struggles with communication he has now become very withdrawn from people and sometimes is antisocial which is another factor that affects the way he communicates. This is because he keeps himself away from others as he may think he cannot get involved and interact because of his needs. Ahmed may think he is different to the rest of the children so may feel like he is not included with them. This affects his communication because he will have no one to talk to and it stops him from making friends and having a social life. A strategy that could be put in place for this is doing more group work in class because this will mean he has to talk to different people. Doing group activities may encourage him to have a conversation and get involved. This will be good for Ahmed’s confidence because he will be working with other people who could help him and it means that he wouldn’t be talking one-to-one because that may be intimidating for Ahmed as he probably wouldn’t know how to start the conversation. Group activities include everyone so they don’t feel left out; this will help Ahmed to socialize more and he may stop being withdrawn from others as he might make friends who will make him feel normal and included. Whilst on work experience I had to have conversations with patients and some of the patients were difficult to communicate with, this is because there were factors that affected their communication. One factor was a patient who had dementia. This affected the way they communicated with others in the care home. The word dementia describes a set of symptoms that may include memory loss and difficulties with thinking, problem-solving or language. † https://www. alzheimers. org. uk/site/scripts/documents. php? categoryID=200360 (accessed 13/12/15) dementia causes patients to forget all previous memories and they find it difficult remembering things and they have language difficulties. Every time a carer spoke to the patient either asking them a question or telling them to do something, it took them a while to remember and take in the information, it required the carer to repeat what they were saying several times. This affected their communication because it meant they couldn’t have a detailed conversation so there was lack of information being received. Patient with dementia sometimes respond slowly because it takes them a while to process everything. To overcome this barrier, the carers in the care home used pictures. This is because the pictures were repeated many times a day which meant the patients found it easier to remember. Pictures helped with the patients memory and it was easier for them to point at the picture so the carer knew what they were trying to say. Lastly, another factor that affected patient’s communication in the care home was a patient who was partially deaf. This was a barrier that affected the communication between the carer and the patient. When the carer was trying to have a conversation with the patient, it was very difficult for the patient to hear because there was also a lot of background noise which made it worse. Sometimes what the patient heard was different to what the carer was saying so the conversation was not effective because the point was not getting across. To overcome this barrier, the carers were using sign language because sign language was more effective as the patient understood it better and it also didn’t require hearing. Sign language was known by the majority of the staff members so they could communicate with different patients who had hearing difficulties. Another stragey that was put in place for some of the patients were hearing aids. These were only used for people who were struggling a lot to hear. Hearing aids help with hearing and it means words become louder in the patients ear and they could hear everything. This made the patients feel confident within themselves. The patients found it easier to follow conversations so communication between the patient and carer was more effective. Overall, it is important that these factors can be overcome in order for service users to have effective communication with others. There are many strategies that could be put in place and these should all be considered when getting service users to communicate. How to cite Effective Communication Case Study, Free Case study samples

From Rags To Riches The autobiograpy of Benjamin Franklin free essay sample

Instead we see a full picture of Ben Franklin as a scholar. He was very fascinated with learning and was interested in making a difference in the lives of all mankind. He believed that the way to please God was to help others and this manifested itself in his public services and contribution to science. The beginning of the autobiography addresses two themes; bettering yourself and religion. The tone In the beginning Is very humble. Franklin claims that his only reason for writing this was so that his son can look at it as an example on how one should live their life and how he can get through the hardships of life. His motive for writing in general was to be a role model for the betterment of others. He doesnt show a religious side too often however, he makes sure to thank God for helping him lead a good life. Franklin explains later on that he Is a deist, which leads us to believe that there was false humility In the beginning or that he Just eventually grew In his faith. He had a strong determination to better his writing and we see him at a young age practically teaching his self how to write. He checks himself to make sure hes improving and seeks help from no one.This is an original rags to riches story. Here we see a boy rise up from humble beginnings to a man of great wealth and pretty good social standing. Benjamin Franklin essentially created the legend of The American Dream. Ben Franklin talked about how he enjoyed his life but would change a few things If given the opportunity. It gives off an arrogant tone yet praises the Importance of humility. Franklin demonstrates the possibilities of life in the new world through his son and starts from the lower middle classes or youth to one of the most admired men in the world as an adult.He achieved success through a solid work ethic; this usage remains a classic for historic reasons. Franklin established the autobiography as a work that Is meant to not only tell about a persons life but also educate the reader In ways to better life also. He tells us what life was Like In the 18th century and reflected on 18th century idealism; often called the age of reason. Intellectualism flourished along with scientific inventions and advancers in political thought.Many people held to the optimistic belief that men could be perfected through scientific and political progress. Franklin ascribes to these beliefs partially he tries to live them out. Franklins plan to attain perfection would shock anyone In this generation, for not only that man is capable of being perfect, but also that the perfecting can be done quickly if you work hard at it. Franklin assumed that man can control himself, and that he can resolve, at any given moment, to unlearn bad habits and substitute good ones.Franklins view of man lacks the complexity of how things are today. But if he appears too optimistic about human nature, he will ultimately and unknowingly acknowledge his failure to attain perfection. Realizing that perfection would never be is, he decided that, that would make him a hypocrite and sound ridiculous; that a person can still be perfect while still being hated; and that a man filled with such kindness and good will should allow Just a few faults in himself, to keep his friends.Franklin always believed that virtue was worth pursuing. His approach to different virtues was practical. For example in learning silence, he allowed himself to speak what would benefit him, and in learning how to be economical, to come into expenses that would do him good. It is not surprising that the original group of twelve virtues includes both temperance and moderation and Franklin obviously believed that even his own virtues should be improved, within moderate bounds of course in order to be happy. It is in that way he found success.Although Benjamin Franklin does mention that there are things in his life he would change if given the opportunity, it is no doubt that he stayed true to him . Franklin is no longer consulted as a philosopher, he is considered as a stylist and an inventor. Not necessarily in material things, he invented new ideas, new views on life; in the hopes in having the privilege f changing someone elses life for the better. Franklin felt that everyone and anyone had the ability change his own economic and social status through the way they chose to live their life.He preached that the possibilities were limitless for those that practiced frugality, honesty, and like virtues. His own life was proof of this. He had left Boston at seventeen, with not much education and not much knowledge of a trade, had arrived almost broke in Philadelphia, and had been able through hard work to become quite wealthy and was able to retire at the age of 42. Franklin lived that such a career was possible for any American. Franklins Autobiography is significant because it shaped American character and American expectations. In this biography we learn that the lowliest citizen was still as humanly worthy as the wealthiest because of his potential for earning wealth. People remained in poverty simply because they failed to do something about it. Also, it teaches us formal education was unnecessary, since an intelligent one could learn by themselves. According to Benjamin Franklin, America was the land of endless opportunity for everyone.